Symmetry

Classify functions as even, odd, or neither using algebraic tests.

Objective

Classify functions as even, odd, or neither using algebraic tests.

What it means

A function is even if f(-x) = f(x) (symmetric about the y-axis). It is odd if f(-x) = -f(x) (symmetric about the origin). If neither equation holds, the function has no such symmetry.

Key terms

Even function
f(-x) = f(x); graph symmetric about y-axis
Odd function
f(-x) = -f(x); graph symmetric about the origin

Rules to remember

  • Substitute -x for x and simplify to compare with f(x).
  • If all terms have even exponents (and constants), the function is likely even.
  • If all terms have odd exponents, the function is likely odd.

Step by step

  1. 1Compute f(-x)Replace every x with -x and simplify.
  2. 2Compare to f(x) and -f(x)Check which one matches.
  3. 3State the classificationEven, odd, or neither.

Common mistakes

  • Assuming any polynomial with exponents is automatically even or odd.
  • Forgetting to check every term.

Tips

  • Even exponents everywhere → even function.
  • Odd exponents everywhere (no constant) → odd function.